Methodology
PerfectLake v0.1 uses a 59-lake launch roster selected from a frozen 75-lake source superset. A lake appears only after public, attributable data is layered with a hand-written narrative and reviewed; selection alone does not publish it. Every attribute we show carries its source — an attribute without provenance is a bug, not a feature.
The launch target is 59 fully reviewed lakes. While curation is underway, we would rather publish fewer fully reviewed lakes than approximate about thousands.
What the line under each fact means
Every fact in the panels of a lake page carries three things: the source that produced it, how wide an area it describes, and the date it was current. A county-level figure and a reading taken on the lake itself are different kinds of evidence, so we say which one you are looking at. The lake’s name and centroid are part of its identity record rather than cited facts.
That line is a label, not a footnote — it names the source and the scope, and does not link to the individual record behind that one number. Two of the sources below are ours: curator means a person on our team made the call, and curated web harvest means a person read named public pages and wrote down what they said, quoting those pages and the date inside the value itself. Where a fact is a judgment rather than a measurement, we would rather say so than dress it up.
How we band water clarity, night sky, and the rest
Three of the qualities on a lake page are bands, not measurements. Water clarity runs from glass-clear to turbid; night sky runs from darkest to bright; surroundings run from rural to near-metro. Each band is assigned per lake and carries the source that assigned it.
Most clarity bands come from satellite imagery classification rather than a depth reading taken in the water, and most night-sky bands come from satellite radiance rather than a brightness reading taken at the shoreline. So a lake page names the band and who assigned it, and does not print a measurement we did not take.
When a search result gives a reason — high elevation, cold winters, a small lake — the band word is ours: a PerfectLake threshold applied to a stored measurement, and it is labeled as our method. The number beside the word keeps its own source, scope, and date, exactly as on a lake page. We never print a word without the measurement it came from, and we never print a measurement we did not take.
The label a search result prints beside that word resolves here:
Data sources
- Hand assignment by a PerfectPlace curator — recorded per lake in our curation worksheets, with the inputs the judgment was made from
- A curator’s read of named public sources (agency pages, park and county sites); the specific sources and the date they were fetched are quoted inside the value itself
- Supplemental lake geometry from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources hydrography data
- Bird observation data from eBird (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)
- © OpenStreetMap contributors
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
- NOAA NCEI 1991–2020 U.S. Climate Normals, looked up by station by a PerfectPlace curator (station ids and lookup date recorded in our curation decisions)
- Elevation at the lake centroid from the USGS 3D Elevation Program Elevation Point Query Service (EPQS)
- Elevation at the lake centroid from the Open-Meteo Elevation API (Copernicus DEM GLO-90) — weather and elevation data by Open-Meteo.com, CC BY 4.0
- Hydrography from the USGS 3D Hydrography Program (3DHP)
- Water-clarity data from the U.S. EPA National Lakes Assessment 2017
- Water-clarity tier derived from Sentinel-2 L2A imagery (blue/red + NDCI over water pixels, 2021–2024 growing season) via the Microsoft Planetary Computer; Copernicus Sentinel data
- Dark-sky tier from NASA Black Marble VNP46A4 (VIIRS/NPP nighttime lights), NASA LAADS DAAC
- Median home value from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (table B25077)
- Property-tax proxy from U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey tables B25103 and B25077 (2024 5-year estimates)
- Climate descriptor derived from NOAA NCEI 1991–2020 U.S. Climate Normals
- Place metadata from Wikidata